2.5 Keywords

It is important to think about your search terms more carefully so you get better and more relevant results for your research. Take the time to think about the essential concepts that make up your research question. These concepts can become keywords, concise terms that you can use to make your search more efficient and relevant. Here are some examples of how you might go about generating keywords to improve your search. For these examples we’ll assume you have a class project on the topic “home design that is safe and comfortable for the elderly.”

Use Google

One way of generating keywords would be to go to Google and search for that exact phrase. Using this approach, you’ll find lots of results, but only some of them will be helpful and relevant. As you examine your results, you might find synonyms or alternate vocabulary that could be useful, including: “home safety,” “universal design,” “accessible housing,” “older adults,” and so on. These can become helpful keywords for you to use when building a new search. Not just Google can be used as a search engine, but others such as Safari, Bing, and DuckDuckGo are all places where you can use keywords for your search.

Use Generative AI

Generative AI tools can also be really helpful for compiling a list of keywords for your research. For example, you may ask an AI chatbot for keywords or ideas based on your topic, and then it will give you those suggested terms/phrases and may also respond with extra background information on your topic. This can give you ideas to help you figure out a direction you would like to point your research.

This being said, any generated responses will rely on your prompts. The mores specific you can be the better. As the York College of Pennsylvania indicates, a prompt like, “what are some keywords that I could use to find information about [topic] in [where you would like to search (databases, search engine, etc.)]”. You can add even more specificity by indicating you want the keywords to be individuals, places, or concepts.

In addition to genAI tools, there are many databases at Steely Library that have AI features embedded, including Natural Language Searching (NLS). NLS is a search enhancement feature that allows users to input research topics into a database using everyday language. The user doesn’t need to have an identified set of keywords. However, NLS will suggest keywords that can then be added to a list for further searching.

Find the essential concepts

Another way to find keywords is to break your topic into its essential concepts. Our example could be split up like this:

• Concept 1: home design
• Concept 2: safe and comfortable
• Concept 3: elderly

Once you have these concepts, you can search for them in a thesaurus, a tool that suggests synonyms based on the term you use. Be aware that some terms in the thesaurus may match your intended meaning better than others, for example, the word “benefit” could have several different meanings. Using synonyms can help make the search simpler so that the information you need is easier to find. Below, we’ve listed some potential keywords from both our Google search and the thesaurus, alongside the original concepts they relate to:

• home design: universal design, design for aging, elder-friendly design, housing design, architecture, architectural design, design features, supportive design, design
• safe and comfortable: home safety, accessibility, barrier-free
• elderly: senior citizens, seniors, old, older adults, older people, aging, aged, elderly people, elder

Use your keywords effectively

Now that we’ve identified keywords for our concepts, we can bring them together to build a search, such as:

• home design, safety, elderly
• universal design, safety, older people
• housing design, accessibility, senior citizens

In your search, you want to include keywords for each of the concepts. This will reduce the number of extra results that are partly off-topic. Figuring out what keywords fit best will help further narrow down the search so that it fits your exact topic. In our example, a search for the two concepts “safety and home design” could also find articles on making homes safe for babies and children instead of for senior citizens. Mix and match the keywords and try out different combinations to see which strategies produce the most relevant results. Are some terms or strategies more successful? Save useful searches and try them out in other search tools as well.

Do you need more practice? Try this How to Generate Keywords tutorial, from the University of Texas at Austin. It will take you through the steps of brainstorming synonyms for the topic of your choice. You can experiment with searching for these terms using NKU’s Steely Library.

Sometimes the topic you’re researching is so new to you that you don’t know whether you’re using the right keywords. When that’s the case, finding background information can help. Background information can lead you to new concepts and keywords related to your topic. Believe it or not, Wikipedia can be a good source for this type of information.

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